Fluid-controlling mechanism for cylinders.



A. N. METZELAAR.- FLUID CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR CYLINDERS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.18, 1913.

Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

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ATTORNEY A. N. METZBLAAR. FLUID CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR CYLINDERS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 18. 1013 ATTORNEY Patented Mar. 10, 1914.

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ADIRJiAN N. METZELAAR, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

FLUID-CONTROLLING MECHANISM FOR CYLINDERS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 10, 1.914.

Application filed January 18, 1913. Serial No. 742,973.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ADRIAN N. Mn'rznman, acitizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of NewYork and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements inFluid- Controlling Mechanism for Cylinders, of which the following is aspecification.

The present invention relates to improvements in the means forautomatically reversing the direction of pressure lluid, as steam,admitted to opposite ends alternately of a cylinder, for reciprocating apiston.

The invention is primarily intended for use in a steam cylinder foroperating a reciprocating pump, but is not confined thereto.

The object of the invention is to provide such means which will involvefew moving mechanical parts and be very etlicient .in operation.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure 1 is a broken vertical section of asteam cyl inder to which my invention is shown as applied; Fig. 2 is anenlarged broken ver' tical section of a controlling valve; Fig. 3 is aplan view of the cylinder; Fig. 4t is a broken vertical section at rightangles to Fig. 1 on the line 4-4: of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates a fluid pressure cylinder havingtherein a piston 52 connected to a piston rod 3 for operating'a pump orthe like. On the upper head t of said cylinder is mounted an auxiliarycylinder 5 having a central main luid supply pipe (3, an exhaust conduit8, a port t) leading to the upper end of the main cylinder, and a port11 leading through the wall thereof to the lower end of said cylinder.In said auxiliary cylinder can recip rocate a slide or D-valve 13,adapted to connect either of the ports 9 and 11 with the exhaust port 8,the other of said ports 9, 11 then communicating around said slidevalve, with the main fluid supply pipe (3. Said slide valve is heldbetween pistons 16 in the cylinder 5, rigidly connected by side bars1.7, said piston, and also said slide valve, being prevented fromturning, by means of a square guide bar 18 connected to one of saidpistons and sliding through a square hole 19 in the correspondingcylinder head, said cylinder head being formed with a stuffing box 21through which passes a cylindrical extension 22 of said guide bar.

Connected to the respective ends of said cylinder 5 are pipes (33, (i i,which lead, as will be hereinafter explained, to controlling valves atopposite ends of the main cylinder. In each head of said main cylinderis I screwed, as shown at 26, a cylindrical valve casing 27 having inits inner surface upper and lower pairs of circular grooves 28 and nearits lower end a shoulder 29, the outer end of said valve casing beingclosed by a screw cap 3i having an extension 232 to form a stutling box.\Vithin said casing and restiug upon its shoulder is a bushing 33, having upper and lower pairs of circular series of holes 34L registeringwith said grooves, said bushing being held down against said shoulder 29by means of a sleeve 36 having a reduced externally threaded portion 37screwed into the outer end of said valve casing. The upper terminalportion of said bushing is internally threaded, as shown at 37 for thepurpose of facilitating its extraction, when desired, from the valvecasing. The outer end of said sleeve is closed by a screw cap 31 havingan outward extension 32 to form a stulling box. Fitting snugly withinthe valve casing and bushing, and passing through a central aperture insaid screw cap, is a hollow piston valve 40, having inner and outerannular grooves ii, 4.2 adapted to register respectively with the innerand outer pairs of series of holes 34:. An outer portion of said pistonvalve is formed with an annular extension or piston 43, which can slidein a cylindrical recess t l formed between the piston valve and thesleeve 36, and is adapted to be pressed against an end {to of saidrecess 4:4 by pressure l'luid admitted to said recess by registeringconduits L7, 48, in the sleeve and valve casing respectively, the innerend of said conduit 41-8 being supplied with pressure fluid by meanshereinafter described. A screw cap it) is screwed around the threadedouter extension 32 of the screw cap 3t, and a glainl 50, continued insaid screw cap 49, forms with said extension a stutling box. The pistonvalve 4-0 extends through a central aperture in said screw cap it).

Vithin the hollow piston valve i0 is a valve stem 52, screwed, as shownat 51, in said. piston valve, and supporting a valve head 53. Byscrewing in or out the valve stem the position of said head can beadjusted as desired, and it is secured in its adjusted position by meansof a lock-nut 5 f screwed on. a threaded portion 56 of said valve stem.

Distinguishing from one another the circular grooves 28 by their degreesof proximity to the corresponding end of the cylinder, the fourthgrooves 28, that is, those most remote from the ends of the cylinder,are connected to exhaust by pipes 61. The second groove are connectedwith the main fluid supply by pipes 62. The third groove of the uppervalve and first groove of the lower valve are connected by pipes 63 withthe left end of the auxiliary cylinder, looking from the piston valve,and the first groove of the upper valve and third groove of the lowervalve are connected by pipes 6a with the right end of said cylinder.conduit 48 also communicates with a fluid supply pipe 62.

The following is the mode of operation of the apparatus: Supposing thatthe piston is ascending, and strikes the valve head of the upper valve,then pressure fluid passes by the pipe 62, second series of apertures84;, inner groove 41, first series of apertures 34., and pipe 64:, tothe right end of the auxiliary cylinder. At the same time pres surefluid passes from the left end of the auxiliary cylinder, because thepipe 63 com municates with the pipe 61 leading to exhaust, by reason ofthe outer groove 42 in the valve registering with the upper pair ofseries of aperture 34 in the valve casing. Thereby the auxiliary pistonis moved from right to left, and pressure fluid is admitted to the upperend of the main cylinder, and the lower end of the main cylinder is opento exhaust. As soon as the piston descends, the valve is presseddownward by the pressure of fluid admitted by the conduits 47, 48, intothe cylindrical chamber 44, and the valve is restored to its normalposition.

The advantages of the apparatus are that.

the pressure fluid and water cylinders can be placed close together,only suflicient room being necessary between the stufling boxes to allowfor repacking them. The main piston must make a full stroke before itcan be reversed. supply are short, and as direct as they can be made.The wearing parts of the reversing valve will last a long time as thereis practically no pressure between the valve and bushing. Should theseparts become worn out they are easily and quickly re- The usted.

The passages for the main fluid.

newed and replaced. The entire mechanism is simple, can be readilyexamined and is easily understood by any steam engineer.

The apparatus is well adapted to a steam pump, of which the piston speedis usually low. For high speed pumps the head of the valve would have tobe screwed in slightly. Throttling valves 69 are fitted to the pipes 63and 64 close to the hollow valve body to regulate the passage of theglass through said pipe and prevent the slamming of the piston in theauxiliary cylinder. A small hole 70 is made through the hollow valve toprevent the accumulation of any steam that might pass by the lowerthreaded part of the valve. The hollow shaft is formed with two parallelflat portions 71 adapted to be engaged by a wrench to prevent turning ofthe hollow valve when the valve tip is ad- The lower sides of the holesof the first and third series in the removable bushmg are preferablymade flat, in order to give In combination with a main cylinder havingan exhaust port, and ports leading to its opposite ends, and a pistonreciprocable therein, an auxiliary cylinder, a valve for controllingsaid ports, means for moving said valve by the pressure of fluidadmitted to opposite ends of the latter cylinder, valve casings securedto the ends of the main cylinder and open at both ends, tubular slidevalves therein, also open at both ends, stems screwed in said slidevalves and extending wholly therethrough means on the outer ends of thestems for screwing them in the slide valves, said stems having on theirimmediate ends heads projecting into the main cylinder and adapted to bealternately engaged by the main piston to move them in said casing, andconduits between said valve casing and auxiliary cylinder, wherebypressure fluid is admitted to either end alternately of said auxiliarycylinder and exhausted from the other end upon the actuation by saidmain piston of said valves alternately.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

ADRIAN N. METZELAAR.

\Vitnesses F. M. VVIZIGIIT, D. RICHARDS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of ratents,

' Washington, D. C.

